🚀 Nanocomposites for 3D Printing: The Ultimate 2026 Guide to Supercharged Parts

Remember the first time you printed a part that snapped in half because it was too thin? We’ve all been there, staring at a pile of broken PLA and wondering why our creations couldn’t match the strength of injection-molded plastic. But what if we told you that the secret to printing parts stronger than aluminum, lighter than carbon fiber, and capable of conducting electricity lies not in better geometry, but in the invisible world of nanocomposites?

In this deep dive, we’re moving beyond the basic “what is this material” questions to explore the cutting edge of additive manufacturing. From the molecular magic of carbon nanotubes and graphene to the practical nightmares of clogged nozzles and viscosity vortices, we cover everything you need to know to upgrade your print shop. We’ll even reveal how nozzle shape can secretly dictate the strength of your prints—a detail most hobbyists miss until it’s too late. Whether you’re looking to print functional drone frames, ESD-safe electronics enclosures, or self-healing prototypes, this guide is your roadmap to the future of 3D printing.

Key Takeaways

• Strength in Small Doses: Adding just 1-5% by weight of nanofillers like carbon nanotubes or graphene can double or triple the tensile strength and stiffness of standard polymers.
• The Viscosity Trade-off: Nanocomposites offer incredible performance but demand slower print speeds, higher temperatures, and hardened steel nozzles to handle the increased abrasion and flow resistance.
• Beyond FDM: While FDM is popular, SLA and SLS technologies are unlocking new possibilities for nanocomposites, enabling high-resolution conductive parts and isotropic, heat-resistant components.
• Future-Proofing: Mastering these materials now positions you to create 4D printed smart objects, self-sensing structures, and sustainable bio-nanocomposites that define the next decade of manufacturing.

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Table of Contents

• ⚡️ Quick Tips and Facts
• 🕰️ From Lab Bench to Print Bed: A Brief History of Nanocomposites in Additive Manufacturing
• 🧪 The Ultimate Guide to Nanocomposite Materials for 3D Printing
• 1. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): The Conductive Powerhouses
• 2. Graphene and Graphene Oxide: The Lightweight Strengtheners
• 3. Nanoclays: The Barrier Builders and Flame Retardants
• 4. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Enhancing Thermal and Optical Properties
• 5. Cellulose Nanocrystals: The Sustainable Bio-Nanocomposites
• 🖨️ Mastering FDM/FFF: Nozzle Shape Guided Filler Orientation and Process Optimization
• 🌊 Navigating the Viscosity Vortex: Rheology and Printability Challenges
• 🔬 Advanced Techniques: SLA, SLS, and DLP with Nanofillers
• 🛠️ Troubleshooting Common Nanocomposite Printing Defects
• 📊 Performance Comparison: Pure Polymers vs. Nanocomposite Blends
• 🏭 Industrial Applications: Where Nanocomposites Are Changing the Game
• 🔮 Future Horizons: Self-Healing, 4D Printing, and Smart Materials
• 💡 Conclusion
• 🔗 Recommended Links
• ❓ FAQ
• 📚 Reference Links

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⚡️ Quick Tips and Facts

Before we dive into the molecular deep end, let’s get our hands dirty with the absolute essentials. If you’re thinking about swapping your standard PLA for something that screams “advanced engineering,” here is the cheat sheet you need.

• The Magic Number is Low: You don’t need a lot of nanomaterial to see a massive difference. Often, adding just 1% to 5% by weight of nanofillers (like carbon nanotubes or graphene) can double or triple the mechanical strength of a polymer. It’s the definition of “small but mighty.”
• Aglomeration is the Enemy: The biggest reason nanocomposite prints fail isn’t the printer; it’s the clumping. If the nanoparticles stick together, they create weak points instead of strengthening the part. We’ve seen more “exploded” prints from bad dispersion than from bad slicing.
• Viscosity Skyrockets: Adding nanoparticles turns your smooth-flowing filament into a thick sludge. You will likely need to increase your nozzle temperature and slow down your print speed significantly.
• Abrasion is Real: Printing with carbon fiber or metal oxide nanocomposites will eat through brass nozzles faster than a hungry toddler eats candy. Hardened steel or ruby nozzles are non-negotiable.
• Conductivity is a Game Changer: With the right mix, you can print parts that conduct electricity or dissipate heat, opening doors to functional electronics and heat sinks.

For a deeper dive into how these materials fit into the broader ecosystem of 3D Printed™, keep reading. We’re about to uncover why your standard PLA might be holding you back.

🕰️ From Lab Bench to Print Bed: A Brief History of Nanocomposites in Additive Manufacturing

Remember when 3D printing was just about making colorful figurines and cheap phone stands? Those days are long gone. The journey of nanocomposites in additive manufacturing is a story of scientists trying to bridge the gap between theoretical material science and the messy reality of a hotend.

It started in the early 20s, primarily in academic labs. Researchers were obsessed with the idea of taking Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and Graphene—materials that were essentially the “holy grail” of strength and conductivity—and mixing them into polymers. The goal? To create parts that were lighter than aluminum but stronger than steel.

However, the transition from a beaker to a FDM printer was brutal. Early attempts resulted in clogged nozzles and brittle prints. The nanoparticles simply refused to play nice with the polymer matrix. It wasn’t until the mid-2010s, with the advent of masterbatch technology (where manufacturers pre-disperse the nanoparticles into a carrier resin) that the hobbyist and prosumer markets could even touch these materials.

Today, companies like Polymaker and ColorFabb have made nanocomposite filaments accessible. We’ve moved from “can we print this?” to “how fast can we print this without breaking the machine?” The evolution continues as we push toward 4D printing, where materials change shape over time, a concept that relies heavily on the precise engineering of nanocomposite layers.

🧪 The Ultimate Guide to Nanocomposite Materials for 3D Printing

So, what exactly are we mixing into our filaments? It’s not just “stuff.” Each nanomaterial brings a unique superpower to the table. Let’s break down the heavy hitters.

1. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs): The Conductive Powerhouses

Imagine a tube made of carbon atoms, rolled up so tightly that it’s stronger than steel and conducts electricity better than copper. That’s a Carbon Nanotube.

• The Superpower: Electrical conductivity and tensile strength.
• Best For: ESD-safe parts, electromagnetic shielding, and structural components that need to be incredibly light.
• The Catch: They are notorious for clumping. If the dispersion isn’t perfect, your part will be weak. Also, they can make the filament very brittle if overused.

Real-World Insight: We once tried printing a drone frame with a high-CNT filament. The strength was amazing, but the print was so brittle that a minor drop shattered it. The key is finding the sweet spot in the concentration.

2. Graphene and Graphene Oxide: The Lightweight Strengtheners

If CNTs are the muscle, Graphene is the brain and the skin. It’s a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice.

• The Superpower: Thermal conductivity, barrier properties (blocking gases), and massive strength-to-weight ratio.
• Best For: Heat sinks, chemical-resistant containers, and parts requiring high thermal stability.
• The Catch: Graphene is expensive, and like CNTs, dispersion is tricky. Graphene Oxide is often used because it disperses easier in water-based or polar solvents, but it may need reduction to regain full conductivity.

3. Nanoclays: The Barrier Builders and Flame Retardants

Don’t let the name fool you; these aren’t the clay you used in kindergarten. Nanoclays (like Montmorillonite) are platelet-shaped minerals that, when exfoliated, create a tortuous path for gases and heat.

• The Superpower: Flame retardancy and gas barrier properties.
• Best For: Enclosures for electronics, automotive under-hood parts, and packaging prototypes.
• The Catch: They can significantly increase the viscosity of the melt, making high-speed printing a nightmare.

4. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Enhancing Thermal and Optical Properties

We’re talking about Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), and Silica (SiO2). These are often added to improve UV resistance, thermal stability, or even optical properties.

• The Superpower: UV stability, wear resistance, and sometimes antimicrobial properties.
• Best For: Outdoor applications, medical devices, and parts exposed to harsh environments.
• The Catch: They can be abrasive and may alter the color of the filament unpredictably.

5. Cellulose Nanocrystals: The Sustainable Bio-Nanocomposites

The green revolution in 3D printing! Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) are derived from wood pulp or cotton.

• The Superpower: Biodegradability, high stiffness, and renewable sourcing.
• Best For: Eco-friendly prototypes, biomedical scaffolds, and educational models.
• The Catch: They are hydrophilic (love water), which means they absorb moisture rapidly. You must dry them thoroughly before printing, or you’ll get steam explosions in your nozzle.

Material	Primary Benefit	Key Challenge	Best Application
CNTs	Electrical Conductivity	Aglomeration	ESD Protypes
Graphene	Thermal Conductivity	Cost & Dispersion	Heat Sinks
Nanoclays	Flame Retardancy	Viscosity Increase	Enclosures
Metal Oxides	UV/Wear Resistance	Abrasiveness	Outdoor Parts
Cellulose	Sustainability	Moisture Sensitivity	Biomedical

🖨️ Mastering FDM/FFF: Nozzle Shape Guided Filler Orientation and Process Optimization

Here is where the magic happens, and where many of us have cried over clogged nozzles. You might think printing with nanocomposites is just about swapping the spool, but it’s actually a physics problem involving rheology and fluid dynamics.

One of the most fascinating aspects of FDM printing with nanocomposites is filler orientation. As the molten polymer is forced through the nozzle, the elongated nanoparticles (like CNTs or graphene flakes) align themselves in the direction of the flow. This creates anisotropy—meaning the part is stronger in the X/Y plane (along the print lines) but weaker in the Z-axis (between layers).

The Nozzle Shape Factor

Recent research, including studies on nozzle shape guided filler orientation, suggests that the geometry of your nozzle tip plays a massive role. A standard conical nozzle creates a specific shear rate that aligns particles in a predictable way. However, modifying the nozzle geometry (e.g., using a straight-through or specific taper angle) can manipulate this alignment to reinforce the part in specific directions.

• Shear Rate Matters: Higher shear rates (achieved by smaller nozzles or faster flow) align particles better but increase the risk of clogging.
• Layer Adhesion: If the particles align too perfectly along the layer, they might act as a barrier to polymer diffusion between layers, weakening the Z-strength.

Optimization Checklist for Nanocomposites

1. Nozzle Upgrade: Switch to a hardened steel or ruby tipped nozzle immediately. Brass is a one-time use item here.
2. Temperature Hike: Increase your nozzle temperature by 10-20°C above the base material’s recommendation to lower viscosity.
3. Speed Reduction: Slow down. We’re talking 20-40 mm/s. Let the material flow and the particles align naturally.
4. Flow Rate Adjustment: You may need to increase the flow rate (extrusion multiplier) by 5-10% because the dense packing of nanoparticles reduces the effective volume of polymer.
5. Cooling: Reduce part cooling fan speed. Nanocomposites often need slower cooling to ensure good layer adhesion, as the fillers can inhibit polymer chain entanglement.

For more on optimizing your printer settings, check out our guides on 3D Printer Reviews to see which machines handle high-viscosity materials best.

🌊 Navigating the Viscosity Vortex: Rheology and Printability Challenges

Let’s talk about the elephant in the room: Viscosity.

When you add nanoparticles to a polymer, you aren’t just adding weight; you’re fundamentally changing how the material flows. Imagine trying to stir honey with a spoon, then adding a handful of sand. Suddenly, it’s a struggle. That’s what happens inside your hotend.

The Rheology Rollercoaster

Nanocomposites exhibit non-Newtonian behavior. This means their viscosity changes depending on how fast you try to push them through the nozzle.

• Shear Thinning: Most polymers get thinner (less viscous) when you push them faster. Nanocomposites do this too, but the effect is less pronounced. You need higher pressure to get the same flow rate.
• Yield Stress: Some nanocomposites develop a “yield stress,” meaning they won’t flow at all until a certain pressure is applied. This can lead to under-extrusion if your extruder motor isn’t strong enough.

Practical Solutions

• Direct Drive Extruders: If you’re using a Bowden setup, you’re fighting a losing battle. The long tube creates too much resistance. Switch to a Direct Drive system (like on the Prusa i3 MK3S+ or Bambu Lab X1) for better control over high-viscosity materials.
• Slicing Adjustments: In your slicer (Cura, PrusaSlicer), look for “Flow Rate” or “Extrusion Multiplier” settings. You might need to calibrate this specifically for your nanocomposite filament.
• Retraction Settings: Reduce retraction distance and speed. Nanocomposites are prone to string and oozing because the material doesn’t snap back as cleanly as pure PLA.

Have you ever wondered why your nanocomposite print looks “grainy” or has a rough surface? It’s often the nanoparticles interfering with the smooth flow of the polymer. We’ll tackle surface finish in the troubleshooting section, but the root cause is almost always rheological.

🔬 Advanced Techniques: SLA, SLS, and DLP with Nanofillers

While FDM gets all the hype, SLA (Stereolithography), SLS (Selective Laser Sintering), and DLP (Digital Light Processing) are quietly revolutionizing the nanocomposite space.

SLA and DLP: The Resin Revolution

In resin printing, nanofillers are suspended in the liquid resin.

• The Challenge: Nanoparticles can scatter UV light, preventing the resin from curing properly. This is known as the optical attenuation problem.
• The Solution: Manufacturers use specific wavelengths or lower concentrations of fillers. Graphene oxide is popular here because it can be functionalized to interact better with the resin matrix.
• Applications: High-resolution, conductive, or reinforced micro-parts for electronics and medical devices.

SLS: The Powder Game

SLS uses a laser to fuse powder. Adding nanoparticles to the powder bed is tricky because the particles can clump and ruin the powder flow.

• The Advantage: SLS parts are naturally isotropic (strong in all directions) because there are no layer lines. Adding nanofillers to SLS powders (like Nylon 12) creates incredibly strong, heat-resistant parts without the anisotropy of FDM.
• Real-World Use: Automotive intake manifolds and aerospace brackets are increasingly being made with Carbon Fiber reinforced Nylon via SLS.

For those interested in the design side of these advanced materials, explore our 3D Design Software section to find tools that support complex lattice structures optimized for nanocomposites.

🛠️ Troubleshooting Common Nanocomposite Printing Defects

Even the best engineers hit a wall. Here are the most common nightmares and how to fix them.

1. The “Clogged Nozzle” of Doom

• Symptom: Extruder motor clicks, no filament comes out.
• Cause: Nanoparticles aglomerating and forming a blockage, or the material cooling too fast in the hotend.
• Fix: Perform a cold pull (atomic pull) with a cleaning filament. If that fails, you may need to physically clean the nozzle or replace it. Ensure your hotend is fully up to temperature before starting.

2. Layer Delamination (Z-Weakness)

• Symptom: Part snaps easily when bent vertically.
• Cause: Nanoparticles aligning parallel to the layers, creating a barrier to polymer bonding.
• Fix: Increase bed and nozzle temperature. Slow down the print speed. Consider using a gyroid infill pattern to distribute stress more evenly.

3. Rough Surface Finish

• Symptom: Part feels gritty or looks like it has sandpaper texture.
• Cause: Large aglomerates of nanoparticles or the nozzle being too small for the particle size.
• Fix: Use a larger nozzle (0.6mm or 0.8mm). Ensure the filament is high quality and well-dispersed. Post-processing with sanding or chemical smoothing (if compatible) can help.

4. String and Oozing

• Symptom: Webs of material between parts.
• Cause: High viscosity preventing the material from retracting cleanly.
• Fix: Reduce retraction speed. Increase retraction distance slightly. Lower the print temperature if possible, but not too low or you’ll lose layer adhesion.

📊 Performance Comparison: Pure Polymers vs. Nanocomposite Blends

Let’s look at the numbers. How much better are these materials really? While exact values depend on the specific brand and concentration, here is a general comparison based on industry data and our own testing.

Property	Pure PLA	PLA + 1% CNT	Pure ABS	ABS + 5% Graphene
Tensile Strength	~50 MPa	~85 MPa (+70%)	~40 MPa	~65 MPa (+62%)
Young’s Modulus	~3.5 GPa	~6.0 GPa (+71%)	~2.0 GPa	~3.5 GPa (+75%)
Thermal Deflection Temp	~5°C	~75°C (+20°C)	~95°C	~15°C (+20°C)
Electrical Conductivity	Insulator	Conductive	Insulator	Semi-Conductive
Print Difficulty	Easy	Medium-Hard	Medium	Hard

Note: Data is approximate and varies by manufacturer. Always check the TDS (Technical Data Sheet) for specific filaments.

The trade-off is clear: You gain performance, but you lose ease of use.

🏭 Industrial Applications: Where Nanocomposites Are Changing the Game

It’s not just for hobbyists anymore. The industrial world is eating this stuff up.

• Aerospace: Lightweight brackets and drone frames made from Carbon Fiber reinforced PEEK or PEI are reducing fuel consumption. The ability to print complex, topology-optimized shapes with nanocomposites is a game-changer.
• Automotive: Under-hood components that need to withstand high heat and chemicals. Nanoclay-reinforced Nylon is used for intake manifolds and fluid reservoirs.
• Biomedical: Cellulose nanocrystal scaffolds for tissue engineering. These materials are biocompatible and can be designed to degrade at specific rates as new tissue grows.
• Electronics: 3D printed enclosures that double as EMI shielding for sensitive electronics. No more metal cages; just print the case with conductive nanocomposite.

Check out our 3D Printing in Architecture section to see how these materials are being used to create sustainable, high-performance building components.

🔮 Future Horizons: Self-Healing, 4D Printing, and Smart Materials

We are standing on the precipice of a new era. The next frontier isn’t just stronger parts; it’s smarter parts.

• Self-Healing Polymers: Imagine a part that cracks, and the nanocomposite matrix triggers a chemical reaction to seal the crack automatically. Researchers are embedding microcapsules of healing agents within nanocomposites to achieve this.
• 4D Printing: This is where the printed object changes shape over time in response to stimuli (heat, moisture, light). Shape-memory polymers reinforced with nanofillers are the key. A printed stent could be compacted for insertion and then expand to its final shape inside the body.
• Sensors: Printing parts that are their own sensors. A nanocomposite beam that changes its electrical resistance when it bends, allowing it to monitor its own structural health in real-time.

As we saw in the “first video” perspective, the potential for biomimetic designs combined with these advanced materials is limitless. We are moving from “making things” to “growing things” in a digital sense.

The question remains: Will you be the one to print the future, or will you be left behind with your standard PLA? The answer lies in how quickly you can master these materials.

💡 Conclusion

We’ve traveled from the microscopic world of carbon atoms to the macroscopic reality of 3D printed drone frames. The journey of nanocomposites in 3D printing is one of immense promise and significant challenge.

The Verdict:

• ✅ Pros: Unmatched strength-to-weight ratios, electrical and thermal conductivity, flame retardancy, and the ability to create functional, smart parts.
• ❌ Cons: High cost, difficult printability (clogging, viscosity issues), abrasive wear on equipment, and the need for specialized hardware (hardened nozzles, direct drive).

Our Recommendation:
If you are a hobbyist looking to make a stronger phone stand, stick to standard PLA or PETG. But if you are an engineer, a maker, or a business looking to create functional prototypes, end-use parts, or smart devices, nanocomposites are no longer optional—they are essential.

Start small. Buy a spool of Carbon Fiber reinforced PLA or Graphene-infused PETG from a reputable brand like Polymaker or ColorFabb. Upgrade your nozzle to hardened steel. Slow down your print speed. And most importantly, embrace the learning curve. The rewards of printing parts that are lighter, stronger, and smarter are well worth the effort.

The future of 3D printing is not just about geometry; it’s about material intelligence. And with nanocomposites, we are just getting started.

🔗 Recommended Links

Ready to upgrade your print shop? Here are the essential tools and materials to get you started with nanocomposites.

👉 Shop Nanocomposite Filaments on:

• Polymaker PolyLite™ Carbon Fiber: Amazon | Polymaker Official
• ColorFabb XT-CF20 (Carbon Fiber): Amazon | ColorFabb Official
• eSUN Carbon Fiber PLA+: Amazon | eSUN Official

👉 Shop Hardened Steel Nozzles on:

• E3D Hardened Steel Nozzle: Amazon | E3D Online
• MicroSwiss Hardened Nozzle: Amazon | MicroSwiss Official

Recommended Reading:

• Additive Manufacturing of Nanocomposites (Book): Amazon

❓ FAQ

What applications benefit most from 3D printed nanocomposite materials?

Applications that require high strength-to-weight ratios, electrical conductivity, or thermal stability benefit the most. This includes aerospace brackets, drone frames, ESD-safe enclosures, heat sinks, and biomedical scaffolds.

Read more about “12 Mind-Blowing Graphene 3D Printing Applications You Must See (2025) 🚀”

How do nanocomposites affect the surface finish of 3D printed models?

Nanocomposites often result in a rougher, grainier surface finish compared to pure polymers. This is due to the presence of nanoparticles and potential aglomeration. Using a larger nozzle (0.6mm+) and slower print speeds can mitigate this, but a perfectly smooth finish is harder to achieve.

What are the challenges of 3D printing with nanocomposite materials?

The primary challenges are high viscosity (leading to clogs), abrasion (wearing out nozzles), aglomeration (clumping of particles), and anisotropy (weakness in the Z-axis). They also require precise temperature control and often a direct drive extruder.

Read more about “⚡️ Conductive 3D Printing Materials: 7 Game-Changing Options for 2025”

Can nanocomposites enhance thermal resistance of 3D printed parts?

Yes, significantly. Adding nanofillers like graphene, carbon nanotubes, or nanoclays can increase the Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT) and thermal conductivity of the polymer, allowing parts to function in higher-temperature environments.

Which nanomaterials are commonly used in 3D printing nanocomposites?

The most common are Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Graphene/Graphene Oxide, Carbon Fiber (micro and nano scale), Nanoclays, Metal Oxides (like TiO2, ZnO), and Cellulose Nanocrystals.

How do nanocomposites improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects?

They act as a reinforcement, transferring load from the polymer matrix to the stiffer, stronger nanoparticles. This increases tensile strength, stiffness (modulus), and toughness, though it can sometimes reduce elongation at break (making the part more brittle).

What are the benefits of using nanocomposites in 3D printing?

Benefits include lighter weight parts, enhanced mechanical strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, flame retardancy, and the ability to create functional, smart materials (sensors, self-healing parts).

What are the best nanocomposite filaments for functional 3D printing?

For general functional use, Carbon Fiber reinforced Nylon (like PA12-CF) is excellent for strength and wear resistance. Graphene-infused PETG offers a good balance of conductivity and ease of printing. PEK-CF is the top tier for high-performance industrial applications.

How do carbon nanotubes improve the strength of 3D printed parts?

CNTs have an incredibly high aspect ratio and tensile strength. When well-dispersed, they bridge micro-cracks and transfer stress efficiently throughout the polymer matrix, significantly boosting the part’s overall strength and stiffness.

Which nanocomposite materials are safest for home 3D printing?

Carbon Fiber reinforced PLA and Graphene-infused PLA/PETG are generally the safest for home use, provided you have good ventilation. Avoid printing with metal powders or certain nanoclays without proper fume extraction, as they can release ultrafine particles.

Can nanocomposites be used to print conductive circuits?

Yes. Filaments loaded with Carbon Nanotubes or Graphene can be printed to create conductive traces, antennas, and EMI shielding. However, their conductivity is usually lower than copper, so they are best for low-current applications or shielding.

What nozzle temperature is required for printing metal nanocomposites?

It depends on the base polymer. For PLA-based metal composites, temperatures around 210-230°C are typical. For Nylon or PEEK-based metal composites, you may need 260°C to 40°C+. Always check the manufacturer’s datasheet.

How does adding graphene affect the flexibility of 3D printed objects?

Adding graphene generally increases stiffness and reduces flexibility. While it improves strength, it can make the material more brittle. However, in some TPU (flexible) formulations, graphene can improve tear strength without completely sacrificing flexibility.

What are the latest applications of nanocomposites in additive manufacturing?

Latest applications include 4D printed shape-memory devices, self-sensing structural components, bioprinting scaffolds with growth factors, and lightweight aerospace components with integrated thermal management.

📚 Reference Links

• Nature Scientific Reports: “Nozzle Shape Guided Filler Orientation in 3D Printed Photo-curable…” – Read the Study
• ACS Publications: Research on nanocomposite synthesis and properties – ACS.org
• Polymaker: Technical Data Sheets for PolyLite™ Carbon Fiber – Polymaker Tech Specs
• ColorFabb: XT-CF20 Material Guide – ColorFabb Guides
• E3D: Hardened Nozzle Technology – E3D Nozzles
• 3D Printing Industry: News and analysis on nanocomposite trends – 3D Printing Industry